Population Based Cancer Incidence In 15 Districts of three Geographical Region, Mountain, Hills and Tarai For 2013-2014 In Nepal

Abstract

Now more and more cancers are being diagnosed in Nepal. But it is hard to assess the burden of cancer in national context based on available data. The available hospital based information neither shows the magnitude of the problem nor there has been any community-based study in the past. First time in Nepal population based Cancer registry (PBCR) was started in 15 districts of different geographical region i.e. Himal, Pahad, Tarai, which covered the 25.8% of total population of the nation. Therefore, outcome of this study can be used to infer an overall situation of cancer in Nepal.

In the year 2013-14, cancer cases were reported from data source institutions for the process of population based cancer registration. Among them the cases were verified by name, age, sex and disease i.e. topography/morphology. Cases were collected

from projected areas and multiple entry were excluded from data base and total 5089 (2469+2620) cases were analyzed for the purpose. The mean age at diagnosis in 2013 was 53.9 years and 53.2 years in 2014, whereas; mean age in average for 2013-14 was 53.6 years.

 In the year 2013, the most frequent form of cancer for both sexes was bronchus & lung 15.7%, followed by cervix uteri 11.0%, and breast 7.6%. Among the female cases cervix uteri cancer 20.0% was the most frequent, followed by breast 13.5% and bronchus & lung cancer 12.9%. Similarly, bronchus & lung cancer 15.8% was the most common cancer among males, followed by stomach 6.1% and larynx cancer 4.3%. The most prevalent age group in male 70-74 years 19.9%, while in female it was in same age group 70-74 years 13.4%. 

In the year 2014, the leading sites of cancer for both sexes was bronchus & lung 13.7%, followed by cervix uteri 10.5%, and breast 9.5%. Among the female cases cervix uteri cancer 18.0% was the most frequent, followed by breast 15.5% and bronchus & lung cancer 11.8%. Similarly, bronchus & lung cancer 16.5% was the most common cancer among males, followed by stomach 7.4% and larynx cancer 5.3%. The most prevalent age group in male 70-74 years 11.3%, while in female it was in same age group 60-64 years 12.3%. The present data provide population based cancer burden in Nepal. According to findings, cancer of bronchus& lung was the most common topography of cancer followed by cervix uteri and breast for both sex in 2013-14.