Phytotoxicity Studies of Textile Wastewater on Vigna radiata
Keywords:
Textile Effluent, Laccase, Cladosporium Oxysporum, Phytotoxicity, Vigna RadiataAbstract
The reuse of industrial wastewater for agricultural irrigation is often viewed as a positive means of recycling water due to the advantage of being a constant, reliable water source and availability in large volumes. In the present study, a laccase enzyme from the fungus Cladosporium oxysporum was used for treatment of textile industry wastewater. The fungal biomass was subjected to autoclaving (pretreatment) and, three different modes, agitated, aerated and rotating biological contactor were employed. In all three modes, autoclaved biomass of C.oxysporum was found to be most effective in removal of dyes from aqueous solutions. Among the three modes of batch studies, agitated mode was found to be more efficient and easy to operate. The resultant treated effluent from agitated mode as well as raw effluent was subjected to seed germination bioassays on Vigna radiata seeds. Root length, shoot length, root biomass and shoot biomass were increased in treated effluent when compared to untreated effluent. Seedlings irrigated with diluted (20%) untreated effluent yielded a total biomass of 538 mg, whereas treated effluent with 20% dilution yielded a total biomass of 626 mg. The untreated and treated effluents showed a phytotoxicity of 78.33 and 61.67% respectively and diluted effluents respectively had 26.67 and 20%. These results revealed that treatment of dye industry effluent with autoclaved biomass at optimum conditions reduced the toxicity of the effluent and the effluent after proper dilution can be used for irrigation.
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