Enzyme Immobilization and Applications of Magnetic Nanoparticles in Smart Enzyme Immobilization

Authors

  • Mimpal Singh  Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, GC University Lahore, Pakistan
  • Nazish Ishfaq  Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, GC University Lahore, Pakistan
  • Sehrish Salman  Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, GC University Lahore, Pakistan
  • Muhammad Hassan Bashir  Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, GC University Lahore, Pakistan
  • Bisma Ashfaq  Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, GC University Lahore, Pakistan

Keywords:

Enzyme Immobilization, Smart Enzyme Immobilization, Magnetic Nanoparticles.

Abstract

Immobilized enzymes are more vigorous and more resistant to changes in the environment as compared to enzymes free in solution. For efficient enzyme consumption their properties are enhanced by immobilization in the industrial processes. Magnetic nanoparticles are highly appreciated due to their large surface to volume ratio, ease of separation and high surface area. Immobilization of enzymes onto the magnetic nano-carriers progressively established new catalytic system. Recent advances in the enzyme immobilization improvement and maintenance have been considered in this review. Modern applications based on immobilization of enzymes onto magnetic nanoparticle are also discussed in this review.

References

  1. Ansari, S. A. and Q. Husain. 2012. Potential applications of enzymes immobilized on/in nano materials: A review. Biotechnol advances., 30(3): 512-523.
  2. Ashtari, K., K. Khajeh, J. Fasihi, P. Ashtari, A. Ramazani, and H. Vali. 2012. Silica-encapsulated magnetic nanoparticles: enzyme immobilization and cytotoxic study. Int.
  3. Baig, R.N. and R.S. Varma. 2013. Magnetically retrievable catalysts for organic synthesis.
  4. Bickerstaff, G.F. 1997. Immobilization of enzymes and cells. Humana. Press. Inc., Totowa, pp. 1-11.
  5. Brigida, A.I.S., V.M.A. Calado, L.R.B. Goncalves, M.A.Z. Coelho. 2010. Effect of chemical treatments on properties of green coconut fiber. Carbohydr. Polym., 79(4): 832-838.
  6. Cao, L., L. Van Langen, R.A. Sheldon. 2003. Immobilised enzymes: carrier-bound of carrier free? Curr. Opin. Biotechnol., 14(4): 387-394.
  7. Chen, G.C., I.C. Kuan, J.R. Hong, B.H. Tsai, S.L. Lee, C.Y. Yu. 2011. Activity enhancement and stabilization of lipase from Pseudomonas cepacia in polyallylamine-mediated biomimetic silica. Biotechnol. Lett., 33(3): 525?529.
  8. Chen, S.C., D.C. Sheu and K.J. Duan. 2014. Production of fructo-oligosaccharides using ?-fructo-furanosidase immobilized onto chitosan-coated magnetic nanoparticles. J. Taiwan. Inst. Chem. E., 45(4): 1105-1110.
  9. Cherry, J.R. and A.L. Fidantsef. 2003. Directed evolution of industrial enzymes: an update.
  10. Curr. Opin. Biotechnol., 14(4): 438-443.
  11. Chomoucka, J., J. Drbohlavova, D. Huska, V. Adam, R. Kizek and J. Hubalek. 2010.
  12. Magnetic nanoparticles and targeted drug delivering. Pharm. Res., 62(2): 144-149.
  13. Cirillo, G., F.P. Nicoletta, M. Curcio, U.G. Spizzirri, N. Picci and F. Iemma. 2014. Enzyme immobilization on smart polymers: catalysis on demand. React. Funct. Polym., 83: 62-69.
  14. Cunha, A.G., G.F. Lorente, J.V. Bevilaqua, J. Destain , L.M. Paiva, D.M. Freire, R. F. Lafuente and J.M. Guisan. 2008. Immobilization of Yarrowia lipolytica lipase a comparison of stability of physical adsorption and covalent attachment techniques. App. Biochem. Biotechnol., 146(1-3): 49-56.
  15. Dey, G., V. Nagpal and R. Banerjee. 2002. Immobilization of alpha amylase from Bacillus circulans GRS 313 on coconut fiber. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol., 102(1-6): 303-313.
  16. Dyal, A., K. Loos, M. Noto, S.W. Chang, C. Spagnoli, K.V. Shafi, A. Ulman, M. Cowman and R.A. Gross. 2003. Activity of Candida rugosa lipase immobilized on ?-Fe2O3 magnetic nanoparticles. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 125(7): 1684?1685.
  17. Erdemir, S. and M. Yilmaz. 2012. Catalytic effect of calix [n] arene based sol?gel encapsulated or covalent immobilized lipases on enantioselective hydrolysis of (R/S)-naproxen methyl ester. J. Incl. Phenom. Macrocycl. Chem., 72(1-2): 189-196.
  18. Galaev, I. and B. Mattiasson. (Eds.). 2001. Smart polymers for bioseparation and bioprocessing. CRC Press.
  19. Ghaz-Jahanian, M.A., F. Abbaspour-Aghdam , N. Anarjan, A. Berenjian and H. Jafarizadeh-Malmiri. 2015. Application of chitosan- based nano carriers in tumor-targeted drug delivery. Mol. Biotechnol., 57(3):201-218.
  20. Govan, J. and Y.K. Gunko. 2014. Recent advances in the application of magnetic nanoparticles as a support for homogeneous catalysts. J. Nanomater., 4(2): 222-241.
  21. Haider, T. and Q. Husain. 2008. Concanavalin A layered calcium alginate-starch beads immobilized ?-galactosidase as a therapeutic agent for lactose intolerant patients. Int. J. Pharm., 359(1): 1-6.
  22. Hernandez, M.R., L. Kispert, E.T. Ramirez, D.R. Rosales, R.Z. Ulloa and J.T. Ferrara. 2007. Electron paramagnetic resonance analyses of biotransformation reactions with cytochrome P-450 immobilized on mesoporous molecular sieves. Biotechnol. Lett., 29(6): 919?924.
  23. Ho, L.F., S.Y. Li, S.C. Lin and W.H. Hsu. 2004. Integrated enzyme purification and immobilization processes with immobilized metal affinity adsorbents. Pro. Biochem., 39(11): 1573?1581.
  24. Hola, K., Z. Markova, G. Zoppellaro, J. Tucek and R. Zboril. 2015. Tailored functionalization of iron oxide nanoparticles for MRI, drug delivery, magnetic separation and immobilization of biosubstances. Biotechnol Adv., 33(6): 1162-1176.
  25. Horak, D., M. Babic, H. Mackova and M. J. Benes. 2007. Preparation and properties of magnetic nano?and micro-sized particles for biological and environmental separations. J. sep. sci., 30(11): 1751-1772.
  26. Hsieh, H.C., I.C. Kuan, S.L. Lee, G.Y Tien, Y.J. Wang and C.Y. Yu. 2009. Stabilization of d-amino acid oxidase from Rhodosporidium toruloides by immobilization onto magnetic nanoparticles. Biotechnol. lett., 31(4): 557-563.
  27. Hsieh, H.J., P.C. Liu and W.J. Liao. 2000. Immobilization of invertase via carbohydrate moiety on chitosan to enhance its thermal stability. Biotechnol. Lett., 22(18): 1459-1464.
  28. Huang, L. and Z.M. Cheng. 2008. Immobilization of lipase on chemically modified bimodal ceramic foams for olive oil hydrolysis. Chem. Eng. J., 144(1): 103-109.
  29. Huang, S. H., M. H. Liao and D. H. Chen. 2003. Direct binding and characterization of lipase onto magnetic nanoparticles. Biotechnol. Prog., 19(3): 1095-1100.
  30. Indira, T. and P. Lakshmi. 2010. Magnetic nanoparticles. Rev. Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Nanotechnol., 3(3): 1035-1042.
  31. Ispas, C., I. Sokolov and S. Andreescu. 2009. Enzyme functionalized mesoporous silica for bio analytical applications. Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 393(2): 543-554.
  32. Jordan, J., C.S. Kumar and C. Theegala. 2011. Preparation and characterization of cellulase-bound magnetite nanoparticles. J. Mol. Catal B., 68(2): 139-146.
  33. Koeller, K. M. and C. H. Wong. 2001. Enzymes for chemical synthesis. Nat., 409(6817): 232-240.
  34. Kouassi, G.K., J. Irudayaraj and G. McCarty. 2005. Examination of cholesterol oxidase attachment to magnetic nanoparticles. J. Nanobiotechnol., 3(1): 1.
  35. Kress, J., R. Zanaletti, A. Amour, M. Ladlow, J.G. Frey and M. Bradley. 2002. Enzyme accessibility and solid supports: which molecular weight enzymes can be used on solid supports? An investigation using confocal Raman microscopy. Chem. Eur. J., 8(16): 3769-3772.
  36. Kuroiwa, T., Y. Noguchi, M. Nakajima, S. Sato, S. Mukataka and S. Ichikawa. 2008. Production of chitosan oligosaccharides using chitosanase immobilized on amylose-coated magnetic nanoparticles. Proc. Biochem., 43(1): 62-69.
  37. Lin, S., D. Yun, D. Qi, C. Deng, Y. Li and X. Zhang. 2008. Novel microwave-assisted digestion by trypsin-immobilized magnetic nanoparticles for proteomic analysis. J. Prot. Res., 7(3): 1297-1307.
  38. Mahajan, A. and G. Aggarwal. 2011. Smart polymers: innovations in novel drug delivery. Int. J. Drug. Dev. Res., 3: 16-30.
  39. Malmiri, H.J., M.A.G. Jahanian and A. Berenjian. 2012. Potential applications of chitosan nanoparticles as novel support in enzyme immobilization. American J. Biochem. Biotechnol., 8(4): 203-219.
  40. Massolini, G. and E. Calleri. 2005. Immobilized trypsin systems coupled on line to separation methods: recent developments and analytical applications. J. Sep. Sci., 28(1): 7-21.
  41. Mitchell, S. and J.P. Ramirez. 2011. Mesoporous zeolites as enzyme carriers: synthesis, characterization, and application in biocatalysis. Today Catal., 168(1): 28-37.
  42. Namdeo, M. and S.K. Bajpai. 2009. Immobilization of ?-amylase onto cellulose-coated magnetite (CCM) nanoparticles and preliminary starch degradation study. J. Mol. Catal. B., 59(1): 134-139.
  43. Persson, M., E. Wehtje and P. Adlercreut. 2000. Immobilization of lipases by adsorption and deposition: high protein loading gives lower water activity optimum. Biotechnol. Lett., 22(19): 1571-1575.
  44. Petkar, M., A. Lali, P. Caimi and M. Daminati. 2006. Immobilization of lipases for non-aqueous synthesis. J. Mol. Catal. B., 39(1): 83-90.
  45. Pierre, A.C. 2004. The sol-gel encapsulation of enzymes. Biocatal. Biotransfor., 22(3): 145-170.
  46. Pires-Cabral, P., M. M. R. Da-Fonseca and S. Ferreira-Dias. 2010. Esterification activity and operational stability of Candida rugosa lipase immobilized in polyurethane foams in the production of ethyl butyrate. Biochem. Engg. J., 48(2): 246-252.
  47. Saiyed, Z.M., S. Sharma, R. Godawat, S.D. Telang and C.N. Ramchand. 2007. Activity and stability of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) immobilized onto magnetic nanoparticles (Fe2 O4). J. Biotechnol., 131(3): 240-244.
  48. Sakai, S., Y. Liu, T. Yamaguchi, R. Watanabe, M. Kawabe and K. Kawakami. 2010. Immobilization of Pseudomonas cepacia lipase onto electrospun polyacrylonitrile fibers through physical adsorption and application to trans-esterification in non-aqueous solvent. Biotechnol. Lett., 32(8): 1059-1062.
  49. Sardar, M. and M.N. Gupta. 2005. Immobilization of tomato pectinase on Con A-Seralose 4B by bioaffinity layering. Enz. Microb. Tech., 37(3): 355-359.
  50. Sardar, M., I. Roy and M.N. Gupta. 2000. Simultaneous purification and immobilization of Aspergillus niger xylanase on the reversibly soluble polymer Eudragit(TM) L-100. Enz. Micro. Tech., 27(9): 672-679.
  51. Shaw, S.Y., Y.J. Chen, J.J. Ou and L. Ho. 2006. Preparation and characterization of Pseudomonas putida esterase immobilized on magnetic nanoparticles. Enz. Microb. Technol., 39(5): 1089-1095.
  52. Sheldon, R. A. and S. Van Pelt. 2013. Enzyme immobilisation in biocatalysis: why, what and how. Chem. Soc. Rev., 42(15): 6223-6235.
  53. Sheldon, R.A. 2011. Characteristic features and biotechnological applications of cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs). App. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 92(3): 467-477.
  54. Shen, Q., R. Yang, X. Hua, F. Ye, W. Zhang and W. Zhao. 2011. Gelatin templated biomimetic calcification for ?-galactosidase immobilization. Pro. Biochem., 46(8): 1565-1571.
  55. Shi, Q.H., Y. Tian, X.Y. Dong, S. Bai and Y. Sun. 2003. Chitosan-coated silica beads as immobilized metal affinity support for protein adsorption. Biochem. Eng. J., 16(3): 317-322.
  56. Singh, R.K., M.K. Tiwari, R. Singh and J.K. Lee. 2013. From protein engineering to immobilization: promising strategies for the upgrade of industrial enzymes. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 14(1): 1232-1277.
  57. Spahn, C. and S.D. Minteer. 2008. Enzyme immobilization in biotechnology. Rec. Pat. Eng., 2(3): 195-200.
  58. Straathof, A.J., S. Pan and A. Schmid. 2002. The production of fine chemicals by bio-transformations. Curr. Opin. Biotechnol., 13(6): 548-556.
  59. Szymanska, K., J. Bryjak and A.B. Jarzebski. 2009. Immobilization of invertase on mesoporous silica to obtain hyper active biocatalysts. Top. Catal., 52(8): 1030-1036.
  60. Vatta, L.L., R.D. Sanderson and K.R. Koch. 2006. Magnetic nanoparticles: properties and potential applications. Pure. Appl. Chem., 78(9): 1793-1801.
  61. Wang, Z.G., L.S. Wan, Z.M. Liu, X.J. Huang and Z.K. Xu. 2009. Enzyme immobilization on electrospun polymer nanofibers: An overview. J. Mol. Catal. B-Enz., 56(4): 189-195.
  62. Wen, H., V. Nallathambi, D. Chakraborty and S.C. Barton. 2011. Carbon fiber microelectrodes modified with carbon nanotubes as a new support for immobilization of glucose oxidase. Microchem. Acta., 175(3-4): 283-289.
  63. Wiemann, L.O., P. Weisshaupt, R. Nieguth, O. Thum and M.B. Ansorge-Schumacher. 2009. Enzyme stabilization by deposition of silicone coatings. Org. Process. Res. Dev., 13(3): 617-620.
  64. Willard, M., L. Kurihara, E. Carpenter, S. Calvin and V. Harris. 2004. Chemically prepared magnetic nanoparticles. Int. Mater. Rev., 49(3-4): 125-170.
  65. Wu, L., X. Yuan and J. Sheng. 2005. Immobilization of cellulase in nanofibrous PVA membranes by electrospinning. J. Membr. Sci., 250(1): 167-173.
  66. Xie, W. and N. Ma. 2010. Enzymatic trans-esterification of soybean oil by using immobilized lipase on magnetic nano-particles. J.Biomass. Bioenergy., 34(6): 890-896.
  67. Xu, J., J. Sun, Y, Wang, J. Sheng, F. Wang and M. Sun. 2014. Application of iron magnetic nanoparticles in protein immobilization. Mol., 19(8): 11465-11486.
  68. Yiu, H.H. and M.A. Keane. 2012. Enzyme magnetic nanoparticle hybrids: new effective catalysts for the production of high value chemicals. J. Chem. Tech. Biotechnol., 87(5): 583-594.
  69. Yusdy, S.R. Patel, M.G.S. Yap and D.I.C. Wang. 2009. Immobilization of L-lactate dehydrogenase on magnetic nano-clusters for chiral synthesis of pharmaceutical compounds. Biochem. Eng. J., 48(1): 13-21.
  70. Zhao, D.T., E.N. Xun, J.X. Wang, R. Wang, X.F. Wei, L. Wang and Z. Wang. 2011. Enantio selective esterification of ibuprofen by a novel thermophilic biocatalyst: APE1547. Biotechnol. Bioproc. Eng., 16(4): 638-644.
  71. Zhou, Y., S. Pan, X. Wei, L. Wang and Y. Liu. 2013. Immobilization of ?-glucosidase onto magnetic nanoparticles and evaluation of the enzymatic properties. BioResour., 8(2): 2605-2619.

International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology

Downloads

Published

2017-10-31

Issue

Volume 3, Issue 7, September-October-2017

Section

Research Articles

License

Copyright (c) IJSRST

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

[1]
Mimpal Singh, Nazish Ishfaq, Sehrish Salman, Muhammad Hassan Bashir, Bisma Ashfaq, " Enzyme Immobilization and Applications of Magnetic Nanoparticles in Smart Enzyme Immobilization, International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology(IJSRST), Online ISSN : 2395-602X, Print ISSN : 2395-6011, Volume 3, Issue 7, pp.387-396, September-October-2017.