Durability of Geopolymer Lightweight Concrete using Industrial By-products Against Acid and Sulphate Attack

Authors(4) :-Pradeep H R, Raghavendra D, Shashishankar A, B R Niranjan

The study presents the durability of the geopolymer lightweight (GPLW) concrete when exposed individually to 10% Sulfuric acid, 5% Sodium Sulphate solution and 5% Magnesium Sulphate solutions up to 90 days period. Class-C flyash and GGBFS were used as binder materials. Processed Slag sand was used as replacement to fine aggregates and sintered flyash aggregates as replacement to coarse aggregates. The GPLWC specimen were immersed in acid and Sulphate solutions after air curing for 90 days. The strength results of both OPC and GPLW concrete were compared. The compressive strength attained by GPLWC after 90 days was about 27Mpa to 43Mpa and after 180 days was about 30Mpa to 45Mpa. The corresponding compressive strengths in OPC concrete was 26Mpa and 28Mpa respectively. After 60 days and 90 days of exposure to sulphate solutions, the compressive strength decrease was in the range of -10% to 33% and -4% to 38% respectively for GPLWC and about 9% and 16% respectively for OPC concrete. Over the same period of exposure to 10% H2SO4 solution, the compressive strength had decreased and was about 13% to 44% and 14% to 48% respectively for GPLWC and about 10% and 20% respectively for OPC concrete. It is observed that, the selection of binder material is very important, as it adversely effects the strength of concrete to a greater extent.

Authors and Affiliations

Pradeep H R
Research Scholar, Jain University and Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, AMC Engineering College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
Raghavendra D
Research Scholar, VTU, , Karnataka, India
Shashishankar A
Professor and Head, Department of Civil Engineering, AMC Engineering College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
B R Niranjan
Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, UVCE, Bangalore University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India

Class-C Fly ash, Geopolymer, GGBFS, Lightweight, PS Sand, Sintered Flyash Aggregates

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  20. "Long term Strength Characteristics of Geopolymer Lightweight Concrete using Industrial by-products” Pradeep H R, Shashishankar A, B R Niranjan, IJSART - Volume 4 Issue 1 – JANUARY 2018 ISSN [ONLINE]: 2395-1052

Publication Details

Published in : Volume 4 | Issue 2 | January-February 2018
Date of Publication : 2018-02-28
License:  This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Page(s) : 1289-1297
Manuscript Number : IJSRST1841289
Publisher : Technoscience Academy

Print ISSN : 2395-6011, Online ISSN : 2395-602X

Cite This Article :

Pradeep H R, Raghavendra D, Shashishankar A, B R Niranjan, " Durability of Geopolymer Lightweight Concrete using Industrial By-products Against Acid and Sulphate Attack", International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology(IJSRST), Print ISSN : 2395-6011, Online ISSN : 2395-602X, Volume 4, Issue 2, pp.1289-1297, January-February-2018.
Journal URL : https://ijsrst.com/IJSRST1841289
Citation Detection and Elimination     |      | |
  • Palomo A, Grutzeck M.W, Blanco M.T., 1999, "Alkali activated fly ashes a cement for the future", Cement &. Concrete Research. 29, pp.1323-1329. 
  • Song X.J, Marosszeky M, Brungs M, Munn R, 2005, "Durability of fly ash based Geopolymer concrete against sulphuric acid attack", 10 DBMC International Conference on Durability of Building Materials and Components, Lyon, France
  • Bakharev T, Sanjayan J.G, Chen B, 2003, "Resistance of alkali activated slag concrete to acid attack", Cement &. Concrete Research. 33 pp.1607-1611.
  • Bakharev T, 2005, "Resistance of geopolymer materials to acid attack", Cement &. Concrete Research.35, pp.658-670.
  • Wallah S.E, Rangan B.V, 2006, "Low Calcium Fly ash based Geopolymer Concrete: Long term properties, Research report GC 2", Curtin University of Technology, Australia.
  • Allahverdi Ali, Skavara, Frantisek, 2001, "Nitric acid attack on hardened paste of geopolymeric cements Part 1”. Ceramics-Silikaty 45 (3) pp.81-88
  • "Durability Study on High Calcium Fly Ash Based Geopolymer Concrete” Ganesan Lavanya and Josephraj Jegan, Hindawi Publishing Corporation, Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, Volume 2015, Article ID 731056, 7 pages.
  • "Acid Attack on Fly Ash and GGBS Blended Geopolymer Concrete using Different Fine Aggregates” J. Guru Jawahar, A. Bhavana, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Volume 5 Issue 8, August 2016.
  • A. Muthadhi, J. Vanjinathan and D. Durai, 2016, "Experimental Investigations on Geopolymer Concrete based on Class C Fly Ash” Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol-9, Feb 2016
  • "Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Class C Flyash based Geopolymer Paste and Mortar” - Xueying Li, Xinwei Ma, Shoujie Zhang and Enzu Zheng, Materials 2013, 6, 1485-1495.
  • "Compressive strength and Microstructure of Class C flyash Geopolymer” – Xiaolu Guo, Huisheng Shi, Warren A Dick – Cement & Concrete Composites 32 (2010) 142-147, Elsevier.
  • N. P. Rajamane and Jeyalakshmi R, "Formulae for sodium hydroxide solution preparation of known molar concentration for Geopolymer Concretes”
  • "Mechanical and Microstructural Evaluations of Lightweight Aggregate Geopolymer Concrete before and after Exposed to Elevated Temperatures” Omar A. Abdulkareem, Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah, Kamarudin Hussin, Khairul Nizar Ismail and Mohammed Binhussain, Materials 2013, 6, 4450-4461.
  • "Lightweight concretes of activated metakaolin-fly ash binders, with blast furnace slag aggregates” R. Arellano Aguilar, O. Burciaga Díaz, J.I. Escalante García, Construction and Building Materials 24 (2010) 1166–1175.
  • "Manufacture and performance of cold bonded lightweight aggregate using alkaline activators for high performance concrete” Le Anh-tuan Bui a, Chao-lung Hwang a, Chun-tsun Chen a, Kae-long Lin b, Meng-ying Hsieh, Construction and Building Materials 35 (2012) 1056–1062.
  • "Impact of Mix Preparation on Strength and Workability of High Strength Self-Consolidated Lightweight Concrete” Sharef Farrag, Sherif Yehia, IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering Volume 11, Issue 4 Ver. V (Jul- Aug. 2014), PP 58-69.
  • "Development of Geopolymer Lightweight Concrete using Industrial By-products” Pradeep H R, Shashishankar A, B R Niranjan, International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science (IJLTEMAS), Volume VI, Issue VIII, August 2017 | ISSN 2278-2540.
  • "Workability and Flexural Behavior of Geopolymer Lightweight Concrete using Industrial By-products” Pradeep H R, Shashishankar A, B R Niranjan, Themed Section: Science and Technology, International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology, IJSRST173643, pp: 167-172, Volume 3, Issue 6, July-August-2017, Print ISSN: 2395-6011, Online ISSN: 2395-602X.
  • "Long term Strength Characteristics of Geopolymer Lightweight Concrete using Industrial by-products” Pradeep H R, Shashishankar A, B R Niranjan, IJSART - Volume 4 Issue 1 – JANUARY 2018 ISSN [ONLINE]: 2395-1052
  • " target="_blank"> BibTeX
    |
  • Palomo A, Grutzeck M.W, Blanco M.T., 1999, "Alkali activated fly ashes a cement for the future", Cement &. Concrete Research. 29, pp.1323-1329. 
  • Song X.J, Marosszeky M, Brungs M, Munn R, 2005, "Durability of fly ash based Geopolymer concrete against sulphuric acid attack", 10 DBMC International Conference on Durability of Building Materials and Components, Lyon, France
  • Bakharev T, Sanjayan J.G, Chen B, 2003, "Resistance of alkali activated slag concrete to acid attack", Cement &. Concrete Research. 33 pp.1607-1611.
  • Bakharev T, 2005, "Resistance of geopolymer materials to acid attack", Cement &. Concrete Research.35, pp.658-670.
  • Wallah S.E, Rangan B.V, 2006, "Low Calcium Fly ash based Geopolymer Concrete: Long term properties, Research report GC 2", Curtin University of Technology, Australia.
  • Allahverdi Ali, Skavara, Frantisek, 2001, "Nitric acid attack on hardened paste of geopolymeric cements Part 1”. Ceramics-Silikaty 45 (3) pp.81-88
  • "Durability Study on High Calcium Fly Ash Based Geopolymer Concrete” Ganesan Lavanya and Josephraj Jegan, Hindawi Publishing Corporation, Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, Volume 2015, Article ID 731056, 7 pages.
  • "Acid Attack on Fly Ash and GGBS Blended Geopolymer Concrete using Different Fine Aggregates” J. Guru Jawahar, A. Bhavana, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Volume 5 Issue 8, August 2016.
  • A. Muthadhi, J. Vanjinathan and D. Durai, 2016, "Experimental Investigations on Geopolymer Concrete based on Class C Fly Ash” Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol-9, Feb 2016
  • "Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Class C Flyash based Geopolymer Paste and Mortar” - Xueying Li, Xinwei Ma, Shoujie Zhang and Enzu Zheng, Materials 2013, 6, 1485-1495.
  • "Compressive strength and Microstructure of Class C flyash Geopolymer” – Xiaolu Guo, Huisheng Shi, Warren A Dick – Cement & Concrete Composites 32 (2010) 142-147, Elsevier.
  • N. P. Rajamane and Jeyalakshmi R, "Formulae for sodium hydroxide solution preparation of known molar concentration for Geopolymer Concretes”
  • "Mechanical and Microstructural Evaluations of Lightweight Aggregate Geopolymer Concrete before and after Exposed to Elevated Temperatures” Omar A. Abdulkareem, Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah, Kamarudin Hussin, Khairul Nizar Ismail and Mohammed Binhussain, Materials 2013, 6, 4450-4461.
  • "Lightweight concretes of activated metakaolin-fly ash binders, with blast furnace slag aggregates” R. Arellano Aguilar, O. Burciaga Díaz, J.I. Escalante García, Construction and Building Materials 24 (2010) 1166–1175.
  • "Manufacture and performance of cold bonded lightweight aggregate using alkaline activators for high performance concrete” Le Anh-tuan Bui a, Chao-lung Hwang a, Chun-tsun Chen a, Kae-long Lin b, Meng-ying Hsieh, Construction and Building Materials 35 (2012) 1056–1062.
  • "Impact of Mix Preparation on Strength and Workability of High Strength Self-Consolidated Lightweight Concrete” Sharef Farrag, Sherif Yehia, IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering Volume 11, Issue 4 Ver. V (Jul- Aug. 2014), PP 58-69.
  • "Development of Geopolymer Lightweight Concrete using Industrial By-products” Pradeep H R, Shashishankar A, B R Niranjan, International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science (IJLTEMAS), Volume VI, Issue VIII, August 2017 | ISSN 2278-2540.
  • "Workability and Flexural Behavior of Geopolymer Lightweight Concrete using Industrial By-products” Pradeep H R, Shashishankar A, B R Niranjan, Themed Section: Science and Technology, International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology, IJSRST173643, pp: 167-172, Volume 3, Issue 6, July-August-2017, Print ISSN: 2395-6011, Online ISSN: 2395-602X.
  • "Long term Strength Characteristics of Geopolymer Lightweight Concrete using Industrial by-products” Pradeep H R, Shashishankar A, B R Niranjan, IJSART - Volume 4 Issue 1 – JANUARY 2018 ISSN [ONLINE]: 2395-1052
  • " target="_blank">RIS
    |
  • Palomo A, Grutzeck M.W, Blanco M.T., 1999, "Alkali activated fly ashes a cement for the future", Cement &. Concrete Research. 29, pp.1323-1329. 
  • Song X.J, Marosszeky M, Brungs M, Munn R, 2005, "Durability of fly ash based Geopolymer concrete against sulphuric acid attack", 10 DBMC International Conference on Durability of Building Materials and Components, Lyon, France
  • Bakharev T, Sanjayan J.G, Chen B, 2003, "Resistance of alkali activated slag concrete to acid attack", Cement &. Concrete Research. 33 pp.1607-1611.
  • Bakharev T, 2005, "Resistance of geopolymer materials to acid attack", Cement &. Concrete Research.35, pp.658-670.
  • Wallah S.E, Rangan B.V, 2006, "Low Calcium Fly ash based Geopolymer Concrete: Long term properties, Research report GC 2", Curtin University of Technology, Australia.
  • Allahverdi Ali, Skavara, Frantisek, 2001, "Nitric acid attack on hardened paste of geopolymeric cements Part 1”. Ceramics-Silikaty 45 (3) pp.81-88
  • "Durability Study on High Calcium Fly Ash Based Geopolymer Concrete” Ganesan Lavanya and Josephraj Jegan, Hindawi Publishing Corporation, Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, Volume 2015, Article ID 731056, 7 pages.
  • "Acid Attack on Fly Ash and GGBS Blended Geopolymer Concrete using Different Fine Aggregates” J. Guru Jawahar, A. Bhavana, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Volume 5 Issue 8, August 2016.
  • A. Muthadhi, J. Vanjinathan and D. Durai, 2016, "Experimental Investigations on Geopolymer Concrete based on Class C Fly Ash” Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol-9, Feb 2016
  • "Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Class C Flyash based Geopolymer Paste and Mortar” - Xueying Li, Xinwei Ma, Shoujie Zhang and Enzu Zheng, Materials 2013, 6, 1485-1495.
  • "Compressive strength and Microstructure of Class C flyash Geopolymer” – Xiaolu Guo, Huisheng Shi, Warren A Dick – Cement & Concrete Composites 32 (2010) 142-147, Elsevier.
  • N. P. Rajamane and Jeyalakshmi R, "Formulae for sodium hydroxide solution preparation of known molar concentration for Geopolymer Concretes”
  • "Mechanical and Microstructural Evaluations of Lightweight Aggregate Geopolymer Concrete before and after Exposed to Elevated Temperatures” Omar A. Abdulkareem, Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah, Kamarudin Hussin, Khairul Nizar Ismail and Mohammed Binhussain, Materials 2013, 6, 4450-4461.
  • "Lightweight concretes of activated metakaolin-fly ash binders, with blast furnace slag aggregates” R. Arellano Aguilar, O. Burciaga Díaz, J.I. Escalante García, Construction and Building Materials 24 (2010) 1166–1175.
  • "Manufacture and performance of cold bonded lightweight aggregate using alkaline activators for high performance concrete” Le Anh-tuan Bui a, Chao-lung Hwang a, Chun-tsun Chen a, Kae-long Lin b, Meng-ying Hsieh, Construction and Building Materials 35 (2012) 1056–1062.
  • "Impact of Mix Preparation on Strength and Workability of High Strength Self-Consolidated Lightweight Concrete” Sharef Farrag, Sherif Yehia, IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering Volume 11, Issue 4 Ver. V (Jul- Aug. 2014), PP 58-69.
  • "Development of Geopolymer Lightweight Concrete using Industrial By-products” Pradeep H R, Shashishankar A, B R Niranjan, International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science (IJLTEMAS), Volume VI, Issue VIII, August 2017 | ISSN 2278-2540.
  • "Workability and Flexural Behavior of Geopolymer Lightweight Concrete using Industrial By-products” Pradeep H R, Shashishankar A, B R Niranjan, Themed Section: Science and Technology, International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology, IJSRST173643, pp: 167-172, Volume 3, Issue 6, July-August-2017, Print ISSN: 2395-6011, Online ISSN: 2395-602X.
  • "Long term Strength Characteristics of Geopolymer Lightweight Concrete using Industrial by-products” Pradeep H R, Shashishankar A, B R Niranjan, IJSART - Volume 4 Issue 1 – JANUARY 2018 ISSN [ONLINE]: 2395-1052
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