Biosynthesis of CuO nanoparticles using aqueous extract of Ziziphus mauritiana L. leaves and their Catalytic performance for the 5-aryl-1,2,4-triazolidine-3-thione derivatives synthesis

Abstract

Copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by biological method using aqueous extract of Ziziphus mauritiana L. leaves as a reducing and stabilizing agent. The merits of this procedure are an easy operation, use of cheap, nontoxic and environmentally benign precursors. The structural and morphological properties of the as-prepared nanocatalyst were done by using XRD, SEM, EDX, TEM and BET-surface area. Furthermore, these NPs are used as an effective nanocatalyst for simple and one-pot synthesis of 5-aryl-1,2,4-triazolidine-3-thione derivatives. The reaction steps including imine formation, cyclization, condensation and aromatization occurs, without use of any oxidizing or reducing reagents. The present methodology offers several remarkable merits such as shorter reaction time, mild reaction conditions, excellent yield, simplicity, safer reaction pathway, easy workup and recyclable catalyst without any significant loss in catalytic activity and can be used for large scale synthesis. Hence, this study describing the synthesis of CuO NPs by effective biogenic method followed by the investigation of potent catalytic activities may be useful for nanochemistry research opening new horizons in this field.