Fungitoxic effect of ethanolic and aqueous leaf extracts of Azadirachta indica A. Juss, Ocimum gratissimum and Benlate in the control of Post harvest Fungal diseases of Solanum melongena Linn (Egg plant).

Authors

  • Chiejina Nneka V.  Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nigeria
  • Gambari Uthman Olatunji Bola  Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nigeria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32628/IJSRST207514

Keywords:

Fungitoxic,Azadirachita indica, Ocimum gratissimum,Benlate, Pathogens

Abstract

Fungitoxic properties of ethanolic and aqueous leaf extracts of Azadirachta indica, Ocimum gratissimum and benlate were used in vitro for the control of post-harvest fungal diseases of Solanum melongena, caused by Aspergillus niger, Rhizoctonia solani and Mucor ramosissimus. Pathogenicity test confirmed them as the causal organisms of the fruit rots. The three pathogens were treated with both ethanol and aqueous leaf extracts of the two plants at concentrations ranging from 25 to 100% and benlate at concentrations between 2.5 and 10.0%. Various concentrations were added to prepared Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) media. The pathogens were inoculated separately into the PDA media and were incubated for eight days. Fungitoxic effects of these extracts on the mycelial growth of the pathogens were significant at P?0.05 for all treatments. The pathogens were completely inhibited at 100% concentration of both extracts and at 10% concentration of benlate. With respect to ethanolic extract; O.gratissimum was more efficient than A. indica but not with aqueous extract.

References

  1. Aasgana, J. (2013). Antifungal activity of selected medicinal plants extracts against plant pa pathogenic fungi: Rhizoctonia solani Colletotrihum musea and Fusarium oxyporum. International Journal of Science inventions today: 2(5) 421-431.
  2. Adaskaveg, J.E. Foster, H. and Sommer, N. F. (2002).Principles of post-harvest pathology and management of decays of edible horticultural crops. In: Kader,A. A. (ed), Post-harvest Technology of Horticultural Crops. California: University of California Publication. 163-195pp.
  3. Agarios, G.N. (2005). Plant Pathology Academic Press. New York 922p.
  4. Alexopoulos, C.O., Mims, C.W. and Blackwell, M. (2002). Introductory Mycology.4th ed. John Wiley and Sons Inc. Singapore. 869 pp.
  5. Aliyu, H. M. (2006). Proximate anlaysis of some leafy vegetables. (Roselle jute and Bitter leaf). International Journal of Food Agricultural Resources, 3 (1): 112.
  6. Barnett, H. L. and Hunter, B. B. (1999). Illustrated Genera of Imperfect Fungi (4thed.). The American Phytopathological Society. St. Paul, Minnessota, USA, pp. 218.
  7. Chaturvedi, R., Razdan, M. K. and Bhojuwani, S.S. (2003). Production of haploids of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) by anther culture. Plant Cell Report, 21: 531-537.
  8. Chiejina, N.V. (2008). Mycoflora of some salad vegetables. Bio-Research, 6(2): 392-395.
  9. Chiejina, N. V. and Ukeh, J. A. (2012). Antimicrobial properties and Phytochemical analysis of methanolic extracts of Afromomum melegueta and Zingiber officinale on fungal diseases of tomato fruit. Journal of Natural Sciences Research, 2 (6): 10-15.
  10. Dileep, N., Junaid, S., Rakesh, K. N., Kekuda, P. T. R. and Nawaz, A. S. N. (2013). Antifungal activity of leaf and pericarp extract of Polyalthia longifolia against pathogens causing rhizome rot of ginger. Science Technology and Arts Research Journal 2(1): 56-59.
  11. Ewekeye, T. S., Oke, O. A., Omenwaniri, M. O., and Durosimi, M. L. (2013). On post harvest deterioration of some fruits and vegetables in some selected markets in Lagos State, Nigeria. American Journal of Research Communication, 1(10); 2009-223.
  12. Eze, C. S. and Maduewesi, J. N. C. (I990). Comparative efficacy of benlate, lime and plant ash treatment in controlling fresh weight loss, sprouting and rotting of cocoyams in storage. Nigerian Journal of Plant Protection, 13: 81-89.
  13. Hasabnis, S. N. and Souza, T. F. (1998). Use of natural plant products in the control of the storage rot of Alphanso mango fruits. Journal of Maharastra Agricultural University, 12 (1): 105-106.
  14. Jeyasakthy, R., Jeyadevan, J. P., Tavaranjit, A. C., Manoranjan, T., Srikaran, R. and Krishnapillai, N. (2013). Antifungal activity and qualitative phytochemical analysis of extracts obtained by sequential extractionof some medicinal plants in Jaffna peninsula; Archives of Applied Science Research, 2013, 5 (6): 214-221.
  15. Kurup, V. P. (2003). Fungal allergens. Current Allergy Asthma Report 3: 416-423.
  16. Mehrota, R. S. and Aggarwal, A. (2003). Plant Pathology (2nded.). New Delhi: Tata McGraw-Hill, 846 pp.
  17. Nguefack, J., Leth, V., Amvam-Zollo, P. H. and Mathur, S. B. (2004). Evaluation of five essential oils from aromatic plants for controlling food spoilage and mycotoxin-producing fungi. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 94: 329-334.
  18. Obeng-Ofori, D., Daanguar, E. Y. and Ofosu-anim, J. (2007). Vegetable and Spice Crop Production in West Africa. Ghana: The City Publishers Limited. 176 pp.
  19. Okigbo, R.N. and Emeka , A. N. (2010). Biological control of rot-inducing fungi of water yam (Dioscora alata) with Tricoderma harzianum, Pseudomonas syringae and Pseudomonas chlororaphis. Journal of Stored Products and Postharvest Research. 1(2). 18-23.
  20. Okigbo, R. N., Putheti, R. and Achusi, C. T. (2009). Post-harvest deterioration of cassava and it’s control using extracts of Azadirachta indica and Afromomum melegueta.Journal of Chemistry, 6 (4): 1274-1280.

International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology

Downloads

Published

2020-10-30

Issue

Volume 7, Issue 5, September-October-2020

Section

Research Articles

License

Copyright (c) IJSRST

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

[1]
Chiejina Nneka V., Gambari Uthman Olatunji Bola "Fungitoxic effect of ethanolic and aqueous leaf extracts of Azadirachta indica A. Juss, Ocimum gratissimum and Benlate in the control of Post harvest Fungal diseases of Solanum melongena Linn (Egg plant)." International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology(IJSRST), Online ISSN : 2395-602X, Print ISSN : 2395-6011,Volume 7, Issue 5, pp.148-157, September-October-2020. Available at doi : https://doi.org/10.32628/IJSRST207514