Review Article Contemplative understanding of Diabetes and diabetic Neuropathy

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus has become a major public health concern around the world as a result of the rapid rise in prevalence that has occurred, affecting virtually all regions of the globe and within regions, affecting all age and demographic subgroups, and affecting people from all socioeconomic backgrounds. The global incidence is presently believed to be over 420 million, affecting 9% of males and 8% of women, with the lowest geographical frequency (6%) in Northeastern Europe and the highest prevalence (25%) in Polynesia and Macronesia. Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes have increased in prevalence, with type 2 accounting for 90 to 95 percent of occurrences and the majority of the increase in prevalence. . Diabetes consequences may be diversifying further due to long-term decreases in cardiovascular mortality in many countries, in addition to the effects of diabetes on classically characterized macrovascular and microvascular disorders. Neuropathy is the most common late complication of diabetes and can cause significant disability, including painful foot ulceration, Charcot joints, symptomatic autonomic dysfunction, and depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders. Neuropathy is a broad term that refers to nerve abnormalities. It is frequently and imprecisely used synonymously with polyneuropathy or peripheral neuropathy, the latter two being equivalent. Although substantial progress has been made in the last decade in terms of both customised diagnosis and therapy for T1D, significant challenges and research gaps still exist,between where we are today in terms of knowledge and where we want to go into a common clinical benefit. There is an urgent need for more well-conducted, big head-to-head comparative trials and combination trials of existing treatments. A variety of new therapeutic targets are currently being developed. Future clinical trials, on the other hand, should include procedures for detecting placebo effects to ensure that the genuine treatment benefit is recorded.