Comparison of Scanning Electron Microscopic Examination of Oats, Barley and Maize Grains with the Analyzed Degree of Starch Breakdown and Glycaemic Responses in Horses

Authors

  • Mandy Bochnia  Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
  • Sabine Walther  Institute for Geosciences Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
  • Hans Schenkel  Regional Office of Agricultural Chemistry, University Stuttgart-Hohenheim, Germany
  • Kristin Romanowski  Chair of Nutritional Physiology and Animal Nutrition, University of Rostock, Germany
  • Annette Zeyner  Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany

Keywords:

starch granules, scanning electron microscope, cereal grains, glycaemic response, horse

Abstract

Size and surface-structure of starch granules and their interconnections influence starch hydrolysis. In native grains, these factors depend mainly from the botanical origin. Previously, it has been demonstrated that microscopic examination of starch granules refers to precaecal starch digestibility. A comparison of the elevated morphological characteristics of starch granules in scanning electron microscopic pictures with the degree of starch breakdown and the glycaemic response in adult horses after feeding a defined meal offers a tool to explain differences in the responsibility to enzyme attack and starch degradation.

References

  1. Lehmann, U. and Robin, F. (2007) slowly digestible starch its structure and health implications: a review. Trends in Food Science & Technology 18, 346-355
  2. Kienzle, E., Pohlenz, J, Radicke, S. (1998): Microscopy of starch digestion in the horse. J. Anim. Physiol. a. Anim. Nutr. 80, 213-216
  3. Kienzle, E., Pohlenz, J., Radicke, S. (1997): Morphology of starch digestion in the horse. J. Vet. Med. A 44, 207-221
  4. Svihus, B., Uhlen, A.K., Harstad, O.M. (2005) Effect of starch granule structure, associated components and processing on nutritive value of cereal starch: A review. Animal Feed Science and Technology 122, 303-320
  5. Naumann C., Bassler R. (2012): Analytical Methods III Book III, Method No. 7.2.6 (VDLUFA)
  6. Romanowski, K., Vernunft, A., Orgis, A., Gottschalk, J., Einspanier, A., Furll, M., Zeyner, A. (2013) Effect of feeding different amounts of starch from crushed oats of selected varieties on the glycaemic and insulinaemic response of horses.Proc. Soc. Nutr. Physio. 22, 13
  7. Manelius, R., Bertof, E. (1996)The effect of Ca2+ions on the alpha-amylolysis of granular starches from oats and waxy-maize. J. Cereal Sci. 24,139-150
  8. Bednar, G.E., Patil, A.R., Murray, S.M., Grieshop, C.M., Merchen, N.R., Fahey, Jr., G.C. (2001) Starch and fiber fractions in selected food and feed ingredients affect their small intestinal digestibility and fermentability and their large bowel fermentability in vitro in a canine model. J. Nutr. 131, 276-286
  9. Franco, C.M.L., do Rio Preto, S.J., Ciacco, C.F. (1992). Factors that affect the enzymatic degradation of natural starch granules: effect of the size of granules, Starch/Starke, 44, 422-426
  10. Lynn, A., Cochrane, M.P. (1997) A evaluation of confocal microscopy for the study of starch granule enzymatic digestion. Starch 49, 106-111
  11. Fuwa, H., Sugimoto, Y., Takaya, T. (1979): Scanning electron microscopy of starch granules, with or without amylase attack. Carbohydrate Res. 70, 233-238
  12. Baldwin, P.M., Melia, C.D., Davies, M.C. (1997) The surface chemistry of starch granules studied by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. J. Cereal Sci. 26, 329-346
  13. Vasanthan, T. and Bhatty, R.S. (1996). Physicochemical properties of small and large granule starches of waxy, regular and high amylose barleys. Cereal Chem. 73, 199-207

International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology

Downloads

Published

2015-07-05

Issue

Volume 1, Issue 2, May-June-2015

Section

Research Articles

License

Copyright (c) IJSRST

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

[1]
Mandy Bochnia, Sabine Walther, Hans Schenkel, Kristin Romanowski, Annette Zeyner "Comparison of Scanning Electron Microscopic Examination of Oats, Barley and Maize Grains with the Analyzed Degree of Starch Breakdown and Glycaemic Responses in Horses" International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology(IJSRST), Online ISSN : 2395-602X, Print ISSN : 2395-6011,Volume 1, Issue 2, pp.81-84, May-June-2015.