Study and Survey Available for Removing Fences, Reflections and Raindrops from image Pattern Recognition Techniques

Authors

  • Arvind Singh  Research Scholar,Sheat College of Engineering, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
  • Shailesh Kumar Singh  Sheat College of Engineering, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India

Keywords:

Deep Convolutional Neural Network, Fence Removal, Flow Estimation, Dense Optical Flow

Abstract

The "de-fencing" process consists of two stages: the first is to identify the fence zones, and the second is to fill in the gaps. Numerous approaches to video-based de-fencing have been put out for more than ten years. However, there aren't many single-image-based approaches suggested. We concentrate on single-image fence removal in this study. Due to inadequate content information, conventional techniques have weak and incorrect fence detection and inpainting. We mix cutting-edge techniques based on a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) with conventional domain expertise in image processing to address these issues. We need to collect both the relevant non-fence ground truth photos and the fence images for the training phase. As a result, we create synthetic representations of natural fences using actual photographs. Additionally, the performance of the CNN for detection and inpainting is enhanced by spatial filtering processing (such as a Laplacian filter and a Gaussian filter). Without any human input, our suggested technology can automatically identify a fence and produce a clear photograph. Our technique works well for a variety of fence photos, according to experimental data.

References

  1. Jean-Baptiste Alayrac, Joao Carreira, and Andrew Zisserman. The visual centrifuge: Model-free layered video representations. In CVPR, 2019.
  2. Nikolaos Arvanitopoulos, Radhakrishna Achanta, and Sabine Susstrunk. Single image reflection suppression. In CVPR, 2017.
  3. Efrat Be’Ery and Arie Yeredor. Blind separation of superimposed shifted images using parameterized joint diagonalization. TIP, 17(3):340–353, 2008. 1
  4. Sean Bell, Kavita Bala, and Noah Snavely. Intrinsic images in the wild. ACM TOG, 33(4):159, 2014.
  5. Yuhua Chen, Cordelia Schmid, and Cristian Sminchisescu. Self-supervised learning with geometric constraints in the monocular video: Connecting flow, depth, and camera. In ICCV, 2019.
  6. Chen Du, Byeongkeun Kang, Zheng Xu, Ji Dai, and Truong Nguyen. Accurate and efficient video de-fencing using convolutional neural networks and temporal information. In ICME, 2018.
  7. Elmar Eisemann and Fre´do Durand. Flash photography enhancement via intrinsic relighting. ACM TOG, 23(3):673– 678, 2004.
  8. Qingnan Fan, Jiaolong Yang, Gang Hua, Baoquan Chen, and David Wipf. A deep generic architecture for single image reflection removal and image smoothing. In ICCV, 2017.
  9. Kun Gai, Zhenwei Shi, and Changshui Zhang. Blind separation of superimposed moving images using image statistics. TPAMI, 34(1):19–32, 2011.
  10. Xiaojie Guo, Xiaochun Cao, and Yi Ma. Robust separation of reflection from multiple images. In CVPR, 2014.
  11. Jia-Bin Huang, Sing Bing Kang, Narendra Ahuja, and Johannes Kopf. Temporally coherent completion of dynamic video. ACM TOG, 35(6):196, 2016.
  12. Shachar Ilan and Ariel Shamir. A survey on data-driven video completion. Computer Graphics Forum, 34(6):60–85, 2015.
  13. Meiguang Jin, Sabine Su¨sstrunk, and Paolo Favaro. Learning to see through reflections. In ICCP, 2018.
  14. Sankaraganesh Jonna, Krishna K Nakka, and Rajiv R Sahay. Deep learning-based fence segmentation and removal from an image using a video sequence. In ECCV, 2016.
  15. Diederik P Kingma and Jimmy Ba. Adam: A method for stochastic optimization. In ICLR, 2015.
  16. Yu Li and Michael S Brown. Exploiting reflection change for automatic reflection removal, in ICCV, 2013.
  17. Yu Li and Michael S Brown. Single image layer separation using relative smoothness. In CVPR, 2014.
  18. Zhengqin Li, Mohammad Shafiei, Ravi Ramamoorthi, Kalyan Sunkavalli, and Manmohan Chandraker. Inverse rendering for complex indoor scenes: Shape, spatially-varying lighting, and svbrdf from a single image. In CVPR, 2020.
  19. Ajay Nandoriya, Mohamed Elgharib, Changil Kim, Mohamed Hefeeda, and Wojciech Matusik. Video reflection removal through Spatio-temporal optimization. In ICCV, 2017.
  20. Abhijith Punnappurath and Michael S Brown. Reflection removal using a dual-pixel sensor. In CVPR, 2019.
  21. Soumyadip Sengupta, Jinwei Gu, Kihwan Kim, Guilin Liu, David W Jacobs, and Jan Kautz. Neural inverse rendering of an indoor scene from a single image. In ICCV, 2019.
  22. YiChang Shih, Dilip Krishnan, Fredo Durand, and William T Freeman. Reflection removal using ghosting cues. In CVPR, 2015.
  23. Deqing Sun, Xiaodong Yang, Ming-Yu Liu, and Jan Kautz. Pwc-net: Cnns for optical flow using pyramid, warping, and cost volume. In CVPR, 2018.
  24. Yu Sun, Xiaolong Wang, Zhuang Liu, John Miller, Alexei A Efros, and Moritz Hardt. Test-time training for out-of-distribution generalization. arXiv:1909.13231, 2019.
  25. Renjie Wan, Boxin Shi, Ling-Yu Duan, Ah-Hwee Tan, and Alex C Kot. Benchmarking single-image reflection removal algorithms. In ICCV, 2017.
  26. Kaixuan Wei, Jiaolong Yang, Ying Fu, David Wipf, and Hua Huang. Single image reflection removal exploiting misaligned training data and network enhancements. In CVPR, 2019.
  27. Tianfan Xue, Baian Chen, Jiajun Wu, Donglai Wei, and William T Freeman. Video enhancement with the task-oriented flow. IJCV, 127(8):1106–1125, 2019.
  28. Jie Yang, Dong Gong, Lingqiao Liu, and Qinfeng Shi. Seeing deeply and bidirectionally: A deep learning approach for single image reflection removal. In ECCV, 2018.
  29. Renjiao Yi, Jue Wang, and Ping Tan. Automatic fence segmentation in videos of dynamic scenes. In CVPR, 2016.
  30. Xuaner Zhang, Ren Ng, and Qifeng Chen. Single image reflection separation with perceptual losses. In CVPR, 2018.
  31. Qingnan Fan, Jiaolong Yang, Gang Hua, Baoquan Chen, and David Wipf. A deep generic architecture for single image reflection removal and image smoothing. In ICCV, 2017.
  32. Ajay Nandoriya, Mohamed Elgharib, Changil Kim, Mohamed Hefeeda, and Wojciech Matusik. Video reflection removal through Spatio-temporal optimization. In ICCV, 2017.
  33. Xuaner Zhang, Ren Ng, and Qifeng Chen. Single image reflection separation with perceptual losses. In CVPR, 2018.

Downloads

Published

2022-11-04

Issue

Section

Research Articles

How to Cite

[1]
Arvind Singh, Shailesh Kumar Singh, " Study and Survey Available for Removing Fences, Reflections and Raindrops from image Pattern Recognition Techniques, International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology(IJSRST), Online ISSN : 2395-602X, Print ISSN : 2395-6011, Volume 9, Issue 6, pp.25-31, November-December-2022.