Improving Agricultural Productivity and Implementing Agricultural Automation through IoT

Abstract

The summary of the project presents a forward-thinking strategy for modernizing agricultural techniques by integrating diverse IoT elements and implementing Arduino-based control systems. This initiative utilizes various sensors, including the Light Dependent Resistor (LDR), soil moisture sensor, Passive Infrared (PIR) sensor, and DHT11, to oversee and regulate various agricultural parameters. The operation of the system is as follows: When the LDR sensor detects insufficient light conditions, it initiates the activation of lights through a relay. This ensures that crops receive adequate illumination, even during periods of low light, which promotes optimal growth. Furthermore, in situations where the soil moisture sensor detects inadequate moisture levels, an automatic water pumping motor is triggered using another relay, ensuring the crops receive the necessary irrigation. To protect crops from potential animal threats, the system employs a PIR sensor. Upon activation, a voice module is triggered, emitting bee-like sounds to discourage animals from entering the agricultural area. Concurrently, an electric fence is activated through a separate relay, providing an extra layer of protection. The DHT11 sensor gathers environmental data, encompassing temperature and humidity, and subsequently displays this information on an LCD screen. Additionally, the system integrates a GSM module to transmit this data to a web server, enabling farmers to remotely monitor conditions. Besides remote monitoring, the GSM module also enables SMS notifications, alerting farmers to significant environmental changes.