Isolation and Characterization of Microorganisms Involved in Biogas Production from Agricultural Waste
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32628/IJSRST24112118Keywords:
Agricultural Wastes, Biogas Digester, Methanogenic bacteria, Biogas production, Anaerobic digestion, pH range, Isolation and characterizationAbstract
The study aimed to investigate the microbial composition involved in the biogas production process using a diverse range of substrates, including Spinacia oleracea (vegetable), banana peel, plant extract, watermelon residue, wheat straw and paddy straw, sourced from multiple locations in Jaunpur. Over a period of five weeks (30 days), the research employed established microbiological methodologies and customized anaerobic bio-digesters for the comprehensive analysis of the isolates and substrates to assess biogas generation. The evaluation revealed dynamic fluctuations in the digester temperature within the range of 30°C to 36°C, accompanied by initial pH levels ranging from 4.2 to 8.3, which subsequently decreased to pH 5-6 during and after the anaerobic digestion process. The identified anaerobic bacterial species encompassed Staphylococcus sp., Micrococcus, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Citrobacter, Bacillus sp., and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Furthermore, the findings demonstrated a hierarchy in the percentage of biogas yield from the substrates, with the following ranking: synergistic mixture > plant extract > banana > wheat straw > spinach > watermelon. Notable disparity in the volume of biogas produced was observed across different substrate treatments and digestion periods. The research underscored the pivotal role of methanogens and other auxiliary bacteria in the overall biogas production process. Additionally, the average pH levels were determined to range between 6.3 - 7.2 before and 5.0 - 6.2 during and after anaerobic digestion. The observed decline in pH during the anaerobic digestion process was associated with the production of metabolites such as acetate, hydrogen gas, carbon dioxide and other volatile fatty acids, exerting significant influence on the substrates within the digesters.
Downloads
References
Adelekan, B. and Bamgboye, A. (2009). Comparison of the biogas productivity of cassava peels in selected ratios with major livestock waste types. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 4, 571-577.
Aderonke, A., Wasiu, A. and Moses, O. (2017). Isolation and Characterization of Hydrolytically Proficient Microorganisms during Anaerobic Digestion and Biogas Production from Cow Dung and Rice Husk. Journal of Natural Sciences Research, 7(5), 20-30.
Angelidaki, I., Ellegaard, L. and Ahring, B.K.A. (1993). Mathematical model for dynamic simulation of anaerobic digestion of complex substrates with a focus on ammonia inhibition. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 42, 159–166. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.260420203
Anuputtikul, W. and Rodtong, S. (2004). Investigation of the potential production of biogas from cassava tubers. 70, 12-23.
Aremu, M. and Agarry, S. (2012). Comparative study of biogas production from cow dung and pig dung under mesophilic conditions. International Referred Journal of Engineering and Science, 4,16-21.
Asikong, B.E., Idire, S.O. and Tiku, D.R. (2016). Microbial Consortia Associated with Biogas Production Using Vegetable Wastes (Telfairia occidentalis), Banana Peels, and Pig Dung as Substrates. British Microbiology Research Journal. 16(3): 1-12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.9734/BMRJ/2016/28294
Baba, S., Shedu, U., Abubakar, I. and Nasir, I. (2012). Anaerobic digestion of cow dung for biogas production. ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 7, 169-172.
Bagudo, B.U. (2007). “Studies on Biogas Production from Selected Agricultural Waste Materials” A Ph.D Thesis submitted to Postgraduate School Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto.
Bitton, G. (2005). Wastewater Microbiology. 3rd ed. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc., 345–369. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/0471717967
Demirel, B. and Scherer, P. (2008). Roles of Acetotrophic and Hydrogenotrophic Methanogens during Anaerobic Conversion of Biomass to Methane. Review of Environmental Science and Technology, 7, 73-901. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11157-008-9131-1
Dhevagi, P., Ramasamy, R. and Oblisami, G. (1992). Biological Nitrogen Fixation and Biogas Technology. Bioresource Technology, 6, 14-23.
El-Mashed, H., Zeeman, G., Loon, W., Bot, G. and Lettinga G. (2003). Effect of Temperature Fluctuation on Thermophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Cattle Manure. Bioresource Technology, 95, 213-221. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2003.07.013
Ezeohu, S., Dioha, I. and Eboatu, N. (2005). Daily Biogas Production from Different Wastes and Identification of Methanogenic Bacteria Involved. Nigerian Journal of Solar Energy, 15, 80-85.
Garba, B. and Sambo, A.S. (1992). “Effect of Operating Parameters on Biogas Production Rate”. Nigerian Journal of Renewable Energy, 3(1 and 2), 36-44.
Gerardi, M.H. (2003). Wastewater Microbiology series: The Microbiology of Anaerobic Digesters. New York: John Wiley and Sons Inc. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/0471468967
Gopinath, L.R., Merlin C.P., Mahesh, K., Bhuvaneswari, R. and Divya, D. (2014). Identification and Evaluation of Effective Bacterial Synergistics for Efficient Biogas Production. IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology, 8(3), 80-86. DOI: https://doi.org/10.9790/2402-08318086
Gregersen, T. (1978). Rapid Method for Distinction of Gram-negative from Gram-positive Bacteria. Applied Micobiol. Biotechnol, 5(2), 123-127. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00498806
Holt, J.G., Krieg, N.R., Sneath, P.H., Staley, J.T., Williams, S.T. (1994). Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 9th Edition. (H. W. R, Ed.).
Williams & Wilkins Jaenicke, S., Zakzewski, M., Ander, C. and Bekel, T. (2011). Comparative and Joint Analysis of Two Metagenomic Data Sets from a Biogas Fermenter by 454-pyrosequencing. Plus One, 6(1), 14-19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0014519
Jianzheng, L., Ajay, K., Junguo, H., Qiaoying, B., Sheng, C. and Peng, W. (2011). Assessment of the Effects of Dry Anaerobic Co-digestion of Cow Dung with Wastewater Sludge on Biogas Yield and Biodegradability. Int. J. Phys. Sci. 6(15), 3679-3688.
Li, X., Li, L., Zheng, M., Fu, G. and Lar, J. (2009). Anaerobic Co-digestion of Cattle Manure with Corn Stover Pretreated by Sodium Hydroxide for Efficient Biogas Production. Energ. Fuel, 23, 4635-4639. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/ef900384p
Madu, C. and Sodeinde, O. (2001). Relevance of biomass in the sustainable energy development in Nigeria. Proceedings of the national engineering conference and annual general meeting of the Nigerian Society of Engineers. pp. 220-227
Mata-Alvarez, J., Mace, S. and Labres, P. (2000). Anaerobic digestion of organic solid wastes. An overview of research achievements and perspectives. Rev. Paper Bio-resource Technol. 74:3-16. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(00)00023-7
Nwuche, C. O. and Ugoji E. O. (2008). Effects of heavy metal pollution on the soil microbial activity. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 5(3): 409-414. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03326036
Nwuche, C. O. and Ugoji E. O. (2010). Effect of co-existing plant species on soil microbial activity under heavy metal stress. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. 7(4): 697-704. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03326179
Roland, W., Etelka, K., Gergely, M., Zoltan, B., Gabor, R. and Kornel, L.K. (2012). Characterization of a biogas-producing microbial community by short-read next generation DNA sequencing. Biotechnology for Biofuels. 5(41): 231 – 241. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1754-6834-5-41
Schink, B. (1997). Energetics of syntrophic cooperation in methanogenic degradation. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1128/.61.2.262-280.1997
Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews. 61(2): 262–280.
Surnaso, S., Siswo, S. and Budiyono, Y. (2010). Biogas production using anaerobic biodigester from cassava starch effluent. International Journal of Science and Engineering. 1(2):33-37.
Tsunatu, D., Yavini, U., Usman, H., Taura, N. and James, M. (2014). Comparative study of mesophilic biogas production potentials of selected agro-wastes. International Journal of Engineering and Science. 3(2):1-6.
Yerima, M.B, Rahman A.T.M.F. and Ekwenchi, M.M. (2001).”Effect of Buffering on Biogas Fermentation of Chicken Droppings” Nigerian Journal of Renewable Energy, 9(1 and 2): 47- 49
Ziemiński, K. and Magdalena, F. (2012). Methane fermentation process as anaerobic digestion of biomass: Transformations, stages and microorganisms. African Journal of Biotechnology. 11(18): 4127-4139. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5897/AJBX11.054
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
