The Impact of Dark Chocolate on Health, Culture, and Industry, and Identifying Knowledge Gaps for Future Research
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32628/IJSRST241161102Keywords:
Dark Chocolate, health benefits, Market trends, functional foodAbstract
This study asks us to do a comprehensive review of dark chocolate, including its nutritional value, potential health benefits, and culinary uses. The analysis begins by classifying chocolate according to the amount of cocoa and chocolate content, such as cocoa thickness, cocoa butter, emulsifiers This shows us the unique nutritional value of dark chocolate, including high dietary fiber, minerals and includes flavonoids Dark chocolate cardiovascular health and general well-being There are benefits, but There are also drawbacks to overeating, including high calorie intake and health problems The study identifies market trends and consumer preferences, indicating increased demand for cocoa-rich products and ethical derivatives The study concludes with research gaps and health risks of the expression of specific chemicals. Of influences, of regular cocoa, of dark chocolate Further research gives us an idea of influences and Different factors influencing health. The ultimate goal of this study is to better understand dark chocolate as a functional food that balances pleasure and responsible consumption.
Downloads
References
Anyimah-Ackah, E., Ofosu, I.W., Lutterodt, H.E. and Darko, G., 2019. Exposures and risks of arsenic, cadmium, lead, and mercury in cocoa beans and cocoa-based foods: a systematic review. Food Quality and Safety, 3(1), pp.1-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/fqsafe/fyy025
Bjørklund, G., Shanaida, M., Lysiuk, R., Butnariu, M., Peana, M., Sarac, I., Strus, O., Smetanina, K. And Chirumbolo, S., 2022. Natural compounds and products from an anti-aging perspective. Molecules, 27(20), p.7084. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27207084
CHAINIRUNKUL, M.T. and Barrett, N., 2019. The study of attitude and perception of working women toward purchasing decision of dark chocolate for health benefits (Doctoral dissertation, Thammasat University).
Darand, M., HajizadehOghaz, M., Hadi, A., Atefi, M. And Amani, R., 2021. The effect of cocoa/dark chocolate consumption on lipid profile, glycemia, and blood pressure in diabetic patients: A meta‐ analysis of observational studies. Phytotherapy Research, 35(10), pp.5487-5501. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.7183
De Giglio, O., Caggiano, G., Di Ciaula, A., &Portincasa, P. (2019). Chocolate, ‘Food of the Gods’: History, Science, and Human Health. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(24), 4960. . DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16244960
Devos, N., Reyman, D. And Sanchez-Cortés, S., 2021. Chocolate composition and its crystallization process: A multidisciplinary analysis. Food Chemistry, 342, p.128301. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128301
Didar, Z., 2021. Enrichment of dark chocolate with vitamin D3 (free or liposome) and assessment quality parameters. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 58(8), pp.3065-3072. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-020-04810-x
Faccinetto-Beltrán, P., Gómez-Fernández, A.R., Santacruz, A. and Jacobo-Velázquez, D.A., 2021. Chocolate as carrier to deliver bioactive ingredients: Current advances and future perspectives. Foods, 10(9), p.2065. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10092065
Jou-Badal, X., 2024. The recipe to sweet success: competitive advantages for a Spanish chocolatier, 1874–1910. Journal of Management History. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JMH-05-2024-0075
Kalantarzadeh, E., Radahmadi, M. And Reisi, P., 2023. The impact of different dark chocolate dietary patterns on synaptic potency and plasticity in the hippocampal CA1 area of the rats under chronic isolation stress. Nutritional Neuroscience, 26(8), pp.756-765. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1028415X.2022.2088946
Kobus-Cisowska, J., Szymanowska, D., Maciejewska, P., Szczepaniak, O., Kmiecik, D., Gramza- Michałowska, A., Kulczyński, B. and Cielecka-Piontek, J., 2019. Enriching novel dark chocolate with Bacillus coagulans as a way to provide beneficial nutrients. Food & function, 10(2), pp.997-1006. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/C8FO02099J
Kruszewski, B. and Obiedziński, M.W., 2020. Impact of raw materials and production processes on furan and acrylamide contents in dark chocolate. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 68(8), pp.2562-2569. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.0c00412
Lorenzo, N.D., Santos, O.V.D. and Lannes, S.C.D.S., 2022. Structure and nutrition of dark chocolate with pequimesocarp (Caryocarvillosum (Alb.) Pers.). Food Science and Technology, 42, p.e88021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.88021
Luchian, C.E., Scutarașu, E.C., Colibaba, L.C., Grosaru, D. And Cotea, V.V., 2023. Studies on the enhancement of sparkling wine and chocolate pairing through compositional profile analysis. Foods, 12(18), p.3516. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12183516
Luo, C., Wei, X., Song, J., Xu, X., Huang, H., Fan, S., Zhang, D., Han, L. and Lin, J., 2022. Interactions between gut microbiota and polyphenols: new insights into the treatment of fatigue. Molecules, 27(21), p.7377. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27217377
Marcucci, M.C., Gonç, A., Gonç, C.P., Sawaya, A.C.H.F., Alonso, R.C.B., de Oliveira, M.M. and Barbin, D.F., 2021. Quality parameters, caffeine and theobromine contents and antioxidant activity of artisan and commercial chocolate from Brazil. Open Access Library Journal, 8(5), pp.1-18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1107377
Nedomová, Š., Trnka, J., Kouřilová, V., Dufková, R., Votava, J., Hřivna, L., Kumbár, V. And Buchar, J., 2023. Acoustic properties and low strain rate behavior of different types of chocolate. International Journal of Food Properties, 26(1), pp.842-854. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10942912.2023.2189087
Oracz, J., Nebesny, E., Zyzelewicz, D., Budryn, G. and Luzak, B., 2020. Bioavailability and metabolism of selected cocoa bioactive compounds: A comprehensive review. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition, 60(12), pp.1947-1985. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2019.1619160
Owusu, M., Petersen, M.A. and Heimdal, H., 2013. Relationship of sensory and instrumental aroma measurements of dark chocolate as influenced by fermentation method, roasting and conching conditions. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 50, pp.909-917. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-011-0420-2
Parada, T., Pardo, P., Saurina, J. and Sentellas, S., 2024. Characterization of dark chocolates based on polyphenolic profiles and antioxidant activity. Journal of Food Science. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.17451
Patel, N., Jayswal, S. And Maitreya, B.B., 2019. Dark Chocolate: Consumption for human health. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 8(3), pp.2887-2890.
Pieracci, Y., Ascrizzi, R., Pistelli, L. and Flamini, G., 2021. Comparison of the chemical and sensorial evaluation of dark chocolate bars. Applied Sciences, 11(21), p.9964. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/app11219964
Prokofeva, A., 2023. Which factors influence consumer decision making when purchasing a chocolate bar in Helsinki and whether or not sustainable chocolate labelling influences product choice: Millennial and Generation Z consumers.
Regecova, V., Jurkovicova, J., Babjakova, J. and Bernatova, I., 2020. The effect of a single dose of dark chocolate on cardiovascular parameters and their reactivity to mental stress. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 39(5), pp.414-421. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/07315724.2019.1662341
Rune, C.J.B., Münchow, M. and Perez-Cueto, F.J., 2021. Systematic review of methods used for food pairing with coffee, tea, wine, and beer. Beverages, 7(2), p.40. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/beverages7020040
Sacconi, R., Pezzella, M., Ribarich, N., Menean, M., Servillo, A., Bandello, F. and Querques, G., 2024. Benefits of dark chocolate intake on retinal vessels functionality: a randomized, blind, crossover clinical trial. Scientific Reports, 14(1), p.20203. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-70289-7
Samanta, S., Sarkar, T., Chakraborty, R., Rebezov, M., Shariati, M.A., Thiruvengadam, M. And Rengasamy, K.R., 2022. Dark chocolate: An overview of its biological activity, processing, and fortification approaches. Current Research in Food Science, 5, pp.1916-1943. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crfs.2022.10.017
Saputro, A.D., Van de Walle, D., Caiquo, B.A., Hinneh, M., Kluczykoff, M. And Dewettinck, K., 2019. Rheological behaviour and microstructural properties of dark chocolate produced by combination of a ball mill and a liquefier device as small scale chocolate production system. Lwt, 100, pp.10-19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2018.10.039
Saputro, A.D., Van de Walle, D., Hinneh, M., Van Durme, J. And Dewettinck, K., 2018. Aroma profile and appearance of dark chocolate formulated with palm sugar–sucrose blends. European Food Research and Technology, 244, pp.1281-1292. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-018-3043-2
Sasaki, A., Kawai, E., Watanabe, K., Yamano, E., Oba, C., Nakamura, K., Natsume, M., Mizuno, K. And Watanabe, Y., 2023. Cacao Polyphenol-rich dark chocolate intake contributes to efficient brain activity during cognitive tasks: A Randomized, Single-Blinded, Crossover, and Dose-Comparison fmriStudy. Nutrients, 16(1), p.41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16010041
Seçuk, B. And Seçim, Y., 2024. Concept of artisan chocolate from the perspective of chocolatiers. International Journal of Food Design, 9(1), pp.27-52. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1386/ijfd_00064_1
Shah, S.R., Alweis, R., Najim, N.I., Dharani, A.M., Jangda, M.A., Shahid, M., Kazi, A.N. and Shah, S.A., 2017 patients. Use of dark chocolate for diabetic: a review of the literature and current evidence. Journal of community hospital internal medicine perspectives, 7(4), pp.218-221. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/20009666.2017.1361293
Singh, M., Agarwal, S. and Agarwal, M., 2020. Benefits of Theobroma cacao and Its Phytocompounds as Cosmeceuticals. In Plant-derived Bioactives (pp. 509-521). Springer, Singapore. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1761-7_21
Sorrenti, V., Ali, S., Mancin, L., Davinelli, S., Paoli, A. And Scapagnini, G., 2020. Cocoa polyphenols and gut microbiota interplay: bioavailability, prebiotic effect, and impact on human health. Nutrients, 12(7), p.1908.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12071908
Tan, T.Y.C., Lim, X.Y., Yeo, J.H.H., Lee, S.W.H. and Lai, N.M., 2021. The health effects of chocolate and cocoa: A systematic review. Nutrients, 13(9), p.2909. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13092909
Velciov, A.B., Riviș, A., Lalescu, D., Popescu, G.S., Cozma, A., Kiss, A.A., Gherman, A.M., Anghel, I.M., Simescu, R.E. and Rada, M., 2021. Determination of some nutritional parameters of dark chocolate. Metabolism, 3, p.5.
Verhulst, N., Slabbinck, H. and Vermeir, I., 2019. Boosting service performance by dark chocolate seduction. Journal of Services Marketing, 33(5), pp.576-588. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JSM-01-2019-0026
Wiese, M., Bashmakov, Y., Chalyk, N., Nielsen, D.S., Krych, Ł., Kot, W., Kolkhoz, V., Pristensky, D., Bandaletova, T., Chernyshova, M. And Kyle, N., 2019. Prebiotic effect of lycopene and dark chocolate on gut microbiome with systemic changes in liver metabolism, skeletal muscles and skin in moderately obese persons. Biomed research international, 2019(1), p.4625279. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/4625279
Yazdi, M.K. and Karbasi, A., 2024. Factors Affecting the Purchase Intention of Chocolate by Consumers. Journal of Agricultural Economics & Development (2008-4722), 38(2).
Zhao, H. and James, B.J., 2019. Fat bloom formation on model chocolate stored under steady and cycling temperatures. Journal of food engineering, 249, pp.9-14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2018.12.008
Zugravu, C. And Otelea, M.R., 2019. Dark chocolate: To eat or not to eat? A review. Journal of AOAC International, 102(5), pp.1388-1396. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.19-0132
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.