Eco-Compatible Green Synthesis of 1, 2-Disubstituted Benzimidazole Derivatives and Their In-Silico Studies in Designing of Anti-Malarial Potent Candidates
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32628/IJSRST2613157Keywords:
1,2-disubstituted benzimidazole, waste curd water, eco-compatible, in-silico analysis, 1LDG, green synthesis, anti-malarialAbstract
With the green approach, a novel and sustainable synthetic method for 1,2-disubstituted benzimidazole have been developed successfully using eco-compatible catalyst. In this report we have prepared 1, 2-disubstituted benzimidazole derivatives by double condensation between o-phenylenediamine (OPD) with various substituted benzaldehydes in presence of eco-compatible catalyst waste curd water under stirring at room temp. The employment of waste curd water for this reaction provides both as solvent as well as reaction medium with excellent yield of 81-90% within less reaction time and ease of workup process. In addition to eco-compatible green synthesis of benzimidazole derivatives, we extended their in-silico docking studies with PDB ID 1LDG using CB dock-2 web server. The green synthesized benzimidazole derivatives showed range of interactions with Gly27, Ser28, Gly29, Met 30, Asp53, Thr 97, Ala 98, Gly99, Phe 100, Thr 101, Lys102, Asn116, Val138, Thr139, Asn140 amino acids residues were predominately estimated with acceptable dock score. This exploration confirms the anti-malarial candidature of 1, 2-disubstituted benzimidazole derivatives.
Downloads
References
Horváth, István T., and Paul T. Anastas. "Innovations and green chemistry." Chemical reviews 107, no. 6 (2007): 2169-2173. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/cr078380v
Vromans, Kees, Rainer Paslack, Gamze Isildar, Rob de Vrind, and Jürgen Simon, eds. Environmental ethics: An introduction and learning guide. Routledge, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351277808
Kabi, Arup K., Sattu Sravani, Raghuram Gujjarappa, Aakriti Garg, Nagaraju Vodnala, Ujjawal Tyagi, Dhananjaya Kaldhi, Virender Singh, Sreya Gupta, and Chandi C. Malakar. "An overview on biological activity of benzimidazole derivatives." Nanostructured Biomaterials: Basic Structures and Applications (2022): 351-378. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8399-2_9
Tahlan, Sumit, Sanjiv Kumar, and Balasubramanian Narasimhan. "Pharmacological significance of heterocyclic 1 H-benzimidazole scaffolds: a review." BMC chemistry 13, no. 1 (2019): 101. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13065-019-0625-4
Ahmad, Naseem, Mohammad Irfan Azad, Abdul Rahman Khan, and Iqbal Azad. "Benzimidazole as a promising antiviral heterocyclic Scaffold: A review." Journal of Science and Arts 21, no. 1 (2021): 273-284. DOI: https://doi.org/10.46939/J.Sci.Arts-21.1-b05
Mohammed, Leqaa A., Mohammed Alwan Farhan, Safaa A. Dadoosh, Mustafa A. Alheety, Abdulwahhab H. Majeed, Ali Saadon Mahmood, and Zaid H. Mahmoud. "A review on benzimidazole heterocyclic compounds: synthesis and their medicinal activity applications." SynOpen 7, no. 04 (2023): 652-673. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2155-9125
Keri, Rangappa S., Asha Hiremathad, Srinivasa Budagumpi, and Bhari Mallanna Nagaraja. "Comprehensive review in current developments of benzimidazole‐based medicinal chemistry." Chemical biology & drug design 86, no. 1 (2015): 19-65. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/cbdd.12462
Vasava, Mahesh S., Manoj N. Bhoi, Sanjay K. Rathwa, Divya J. Jethava, Prachi T. Acharya, Dhaval B. Patel, and Hitesh D. Patel. "Benzimidazole: A milestone in the field of medicinal chemistry." Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry 20, no. 7 (2020): 532-565. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2174/1389557519666191122125453
P Barot, Kuldipsinh, Stoyanka Nikolova, Illiyan Ivanov, and Manjunath D Ghate. "Novel research strategies of benzimidazole derivatives: a review." Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry 13, no. 10 (2013): 1421-1447. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2174/13895575113139990072
Farag, Basant, Magdi EA Zaki, Doaa A. Elsayed, and Sobhi M. Gomha. "Benzimidazole chemistry in oncology: Recent developments in synthesis, activity, and SAR analysis." RSC advances 15, no. 23 (2025): 18593-18647. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/D5RA01077B
Dehghani, Abdulhamid, Yousef Delshad, Moslem Ahmadpour, and Milad Ghezelsofloo. "Synthesis of 1, 2-disubstituted benzimidazoles at ambient temperature catalyzed by 1-methylimidazolium tetraflouroborate ([Hmim] BF_4) and investigating their anti-ovarian cancer properties through molecular docking studies and calculations." Qeios (2024). DOI: https://doi.org/10.32388/R7LIUP
Rezayati, S., M. Mehmannavaz, E. Salehi, Sh Haghi, R. Hajinasiri, and S. Afshari Sharif Abad. "Phospho sulfonic acid catalyzed synthesis of benzimidazole, benzoxazole and quinoxaline derivatives under green solvent at ambient temperature." Journal of Sciences, Islamic Republic of Iran 27, no. 1 (2016): 51-63.
Nardi, Monica, Natividad Carolina Herrera Cano, Svilen Simeonov, Renata Bence, Atanas Kurutos, Rosa Scarpelli, Daniel Wunderlin, and Antonio Procopio. "A review on the green synthesis of benzimidazole derivatives and their pharmacological activities." Catalysts 13, no. 2 (2023): 392. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13020392
Madgula, Kalpana, Sumalatha Dandu, Susmitha Kasula, and Priyadarshini Halady. "Microwave synthesized ionic liquids as green catalysts for the synthesis of benzimidazoles: Spectral and computational studies for potential anticancer activity." Inorganic Chemistry Communications 138 (2022): 109218. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inoche.2022.109218
Oudghiri, Khaoula, Azzeddine Taoufyk, Moha Taourirte, El-Houssaine Ablouh, and Lahoucine Bahsis. "Green synthesis of benzimidazole derivatives using copper (II)-supported on alginate hydrogel beads." International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 282 (2024): 137169. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.137169
Wagh Swapnil, Navale, N & Ranade, Prasanna & Zote, Santosh & Kulal, Dnyaneshwar. Waste curd water catalysed synthesis of benzimidazole derivatives: a green approach. Heterocyclic Letters 13, (2023), 709-714.
Wan, Jie-Ping, Shi-Feng Gan, Jian-Mei Wu, and Yuanjiang Pan. "Water mediated chemoselective synthesis of 1, 2-disubstituted benzimidazoles using o-phenylenediamine and the extended synthesis of quinoxalines." Green Chemistry 11, no. 10 (2009): 1633-1637. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/b914286j
Kommi, Damodara N., Pradeep S. Jadhavar, Dinesh Kumar, and Asit K. Chakraborti. "“All-water” one-pot diverse synthesis of 1, 2-disubstituted benzimidazoles: hydrogen bond driven ‘synergistic electrophile–nucleophile dual activation’by water." Green chemistry 15, no. 3 (2013): 798-810. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/c3gc37004f
Ranade, Prasanna B., Dinesh N. Navale, Dheeraj M. Negi, Ubaidullah A. Anware, Chhaya C. Jajoriya, and Pooja P. Mane. "In silico study of 4-amino substituted-7-chloroquinoline derivatives as Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase inhibitors." Indian Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IJBB) 61, no. 7 (2024): 443-446.
Surana, Khemchand R., Vijayraj N. Sonawane, Jubershaha S. Fakir, Vinod R. Patil, Yogesh P. Sharma, and Ayaz A. Ahamad. "Insilico prediction of anti-inflammatory potential of benzimidazole based analogues against fatty acid amide hydrolase." Biochemical & Cellular Archives 25, no. 1 (2025). DOI: https://doi.org/10.51470/BCA.2025.25.1.587
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
